Zvikamu zvishanu zvemudziyo wekudzivirira kukwira kweropa (SPD)

Zvishandiso zvekudzivirira kukwira kwemvura (SPD) zvinhu zvakakosha mumagetsi emazuva ano, zvichidzivirira kubva pakukwira kwemagetsi kwenguva pfupi uye kukwira kwemhepo. Kukosha kwayo hakugone kupfuudzwa zvakanyanya, uye kunzwisisa zvikamu zveSPD kwakakosha pakusarudza mudziyo wakakodzera zvaunoda. SPDs dzakaumbwa nezvinhu zvishanu zvakakosha: discharge gap, gas discharge tube, suppressor diode, varistor uye choke, chimwe nechimwe chazvo chinoita basa guru mukudzivirira michina yako yemagetsi.

Mukana wekuburitsa magetsi ndiwo chikamu chikuru cheSPD uye une matanda maviri esimbi akaparadzaniswa nemukana chaiwo. Imwe yematanda esimbi yakabatana newaya yemagetsi L1 kana waya isina kusimba (N) yemidziyo yakachengetedzwa, uye imwe matanda esimbi yakabatana newaya yepasi (PE). Munguva yechiitiko che overvoltage transient, mukana wekuburitsa magetsi unoputsika, zvichiita kuti chikamu che overvoltage charge chiendeswe pasi, zvichidzivirira voltage kuti isakwire pamidziyo yakachengetedzwa. Kunyangwe chimiro chacho chiri nyore, kushanda kwayo kusina kunaka kwekudzima magetsi kwakatungamira mukuvandudzwa, senge angular gaps, izvo zvinopa kugona kuri nani kwekudzima magetsi.

Chimwe chinhu chakakosha ichubhu inoburitsa gasi, ine maplate maviri emvura inotonhora akavharirwa muchubhu yegirazi kana yeceramic yakazadzwa negasi risina simba. Chikamu ichi chinowedzera mukana wekuti chubhu inoburitsa gasi itange uye chinoita basa rakakosha mukutsausa voltage yakawandisa kubva kumidziyo inonzwisisika. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinhu zvinobatsira zvinowanzo batanidzwa kuti zviwedzere kushanda zvakanaka kwechubhu inoburitsa gasi.

Ma diode ekudzvanya ndiwo mativi akakosha ane mabasa ekudzvanya uye ekuganhurira voltage. Anoshanda munzvimbo yekupatsanurwa kwemashure, ane voltage yakaderera yekudzvanya uye mhinduro yekukurumidza, uye akakodzera kushandiswa sechinhu chekupedzisira chekudzivirira mumaseketi ekudzivirira ane mazinga akawanda. Hunhu hwayo hwevolt-ampere hunomiririrwa nefomula I=CUα, ichiratidza ma coefficients ayo asiri emutsara, ichisimbisa kushanda kwayo mukutonga kukwira kwevoltage uye kukwira kwesimba.

Munzvimbo yanhasi ye tekinoroji inokurumidza, kudiwa kwemidziyo yekudzivirira mafungu yakavimbika hakuna kumbove kwakanyanya. Kuburikidza nekudyidzana kwakaoma kwezvinhu zvishanu izvi, maSPD anopa dziviriro yakasimba kubva kuma voltage transients, zvichivimbisa kusimba uye kugara kwenguva refu kwemidziyo yemagetsi inonzwisisika. Sezvo masisitimu emagetsi achiwedzera kuoma, kudiwa kwemhinduro dzakakwana dzekudzivirira mafungu kunova kwakakosha, zvichiita kuti kunzwisisa zvikamu zveSPD kuve kwakakosha pakuona kuchengetedzeka uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekuisa magetsi kwemazuva ano.