Mashandiro anoita mudziyo wekudzivirira surge (SPD)

Zvidziviriro zvekukwira kweropa, zvinozivikanwawo sezvishandiso zvekudzivirira kukwira kwemvura (SPD), zvinhu zvakakosha mune chero sisitimu yemagetsi. Zvinoita basa rakakosha mukudzivirira michina yemagetsi inokuvadza kubva kumhedzisiro inokuvadza yemagetsi anokwira uye ma transient. Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora mashandiro anoita ma surge protectors uye misimboti iri shure kwekushanda kwawo.

Mupfungwa huru, chidziviriro che surge chinoderedza voltage ye transient uye chinodzosera current kumashure kune kwainobva kana pasi kana voltage ye transient ikaitika pa circuit yakachengetedzwa. Izvi zvinoitwa kuburikidza nekushandisa kanenge chikamu chimwe chete chisiri che linear chinoshanduka pakati pe high ne low impedance states pasi pemamiriro akasiyana. Munguva ye voltage yekushanda yakajairika, surge protector inoramba iri mu high impedance state uye haikanganisi system. Zvisinei, kana voltage ye transient ikaitika, surge protector inopinda mu conductive state (kana low impedance) uye inodzosera surge current kumashure kune kwainobva kana pasi, zvichinyatso deredza kana kudzvanya voltage kusvika padanho rakachengeteka. Kana transient yapera, surge protector inodzokera otomatiki ku high-impedance state yayo.

Mudziyo wekudzivirira kukwira kwemagetsi une kanenge chikamu chimwe chete chisina kurongeka chakadai sevaristor kana spark gap ine resistance inochinja nevoltage inoshandiswa pairi. Zvikamu izvi zvakagadzirirwa kutsausa discharge kana pulse currents uye kuderedza overvoltages mumidziyo iri pasi pemvura. Munguva yekushanda kwakajairika, surge protector haina simba pasystem uye inoshanda se open circuit, ichichengetedza kuparadzaniswa pakati pe active conductor nenyika. Zvisinei, kana voltage yakwira zvakanyanya, surge protection device inoderedza impedance yayo uye inotsausa surge current mukati mema nanoseconds mashoma. Inoita se closed circuit, short-circuit overvoltages uye inodziganhurira kusvika pamazinga anogamuchirwa nemidziyo yemagetsi iri pasi pemvura.

Nheyo yekushanda kwezvidziviriro zvemagetsi nemagetsi inokosha mukuchengetedza masisitimu emagetsi nemagetsi kubva kumigumisiro inokuvadza yemagetsi. Kana zvakabatanidzwa musisitimu yemagetsi, zvidziviriro zvemagetsi zvinopa dziviriro yakavimbika kubva kuzviitiko zvenguva pfupi zvinogona kukonzera kutadza kwemidziyo, nguva yekushanda, uye kugadzirisa kunodhura. Nekutsausa uye kuderedza mavoltage emagetsi, zvidziviriro zvemagetsi zvinobatsira kuona kuti michina inobatwa nemagetsi inoramba ichishanda, zvichikonzera kuvimbika kwakanyanya uye kuderedza mari yekugadzirisa.

Mukupedzisa, ma "surge protectors", kana kuti ma "SPDs", zvinhu zvakakosha zvinopa dziviriro yakakosha kumasisitimu emagetsi neemagetsi. Nekunzwisisa musimboti wekushanda kwe "surge protectors", zvinova pachena kuti anoita basa rakakosha sei mukuchengetedza michina kubva pamigumisiro inokuvadza ye "power surges" uye "transients". Nekukwanisa kwavo kudzikamisa overvoltages uye kutsausa "surge currents", ma "surge protectors" akakosha mukuona kuti michina inonzwisisika inoramba ichishanda uye yakavimbika. Saka, kubatanidza ma "surge protectors" mumasisitimu emagetsi inzira inoshanda uye isingadhuri yekuderedza njodzi dzine chekuita ne "power surges" uye zviitiko zve "transient".